Replacing culture with technology
In his book Technopoly, Neil Postman warned what might happen if we abandoned culture and replaced it with technology. The result, he said, would be a society in which “the primary, if not the only, goal of human labor and thought is efficiency, that technical calculation is in all respects superior to human judgment.” Technopoly reigns in US, nowhere more so than in agriculture of the type taught at land-grant universities by people in fields with “science” tacked onto the end—animal science, soil science, crop science.
This technological subordination of judgment to technology was on display in an absurd way at the University of Arkansas recently. The problem stems from Monstanto’s genetically modified soybeans and its herbicide RoundUp. Monsanto makes soybeans that are “RoundUp ready,” meaning that you can dump as much of the weed killer on them as you want and they won’t die. The idea is that with RoundUp ready soybeans, a farmer can spray his fields to kill the weeds without having to worry about killing the crop. There’s just one problem: In Arkansas, there are now three weeds that are resistant to glyphosate (the common name of RoundUp). They too are Roundup ready, and they are taking over fields of crops rapidly, aided by RoundUp’s ability to kill off most of the weeds they compete with.
One would think that at this point, the crop scientists at the University of Arkansas would take a big deep breath and think about another kind of approach. But no, their solution is to replace one failed herbicide with another doomed-to-fail herbicide—technology trumps thinking.
The technology in this instance is LibertyLink, a biotechnology developed by Bayer CropScience. LibertyLink seeds work with Ignite, an herbicide that is in many ways more powerful and dangerous than RoundUp. Much like RoundUp ready soybeans, the new LibertyLink soybeans will be able to survive the heavy spraying of Ignite, but the surrounding weeds will be killed, at least for now. (In a few years the University of Arkansas will probably be having joint sales/field days with another multinational to solve the LibertyLink-Ignite weed problem).
And so technopoly goes on, and the land-grant universities that were chartered to serve the needs of their community, particularly those of its farmers, continue to be little more than chemical peddlers for the agribusinesses that pad the university’s endowment.
What we need is something different from technopoly. We need hard questions, reappraisals, real science, and critical research. We need universities with blind trusts and a ban on corporate partnerships. We need a culture that is strong enough to build these kinds of institutions and raise these kinds of questions. But we cannot have any of this unless we take the first steps towards cultural revitalization. These can be found most profoundly in the deepest of cultural practices: growing, preparing, and eating (and I mean real eating which is done sitting someplace other than in a car or at a desk). If we would all take on these practices, then we would be well on our way with moving toward a country of culture rather than an absurd technopoly.
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